What is the silent period in EAL? 

The silent period in EAL refers to a natural phase that many English as an Additional Language learners experience when they first encounter English-speaking environments. During this time, students may understand what’s being said around them but remain largely non-verbal, choosing not to speak English even when they comprehend the language. 

This period can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months, depending on the individual student’s confidence, previous exposure to English and comfort level in their new environment. For example, a newly arrived EAL student might understand classroom instructions and follow along with lessons but feel hesitant to participate in discussions or answer questions aloud. 

It’s crucial for educators to recognise that silence doesn’t indicate a lack of understanding or learning difficulties. Instead, students are actively processing language patterns, building vocabulary and developing confidence. During this time, they benefit from low-pressure opportunities to engage, such as pointing to answers, using gestures or working in small groups where they feel safer to experiment with English. 

Teachers can support students through the silent period by providing visual cues, allowing alternative forms of response and creating a welcoming classroom atmosphere that reduces anxiety around making mistakes. This patient approach helps students transition more naturally into active English communication when they’re ready.